Fobeig-n Mission Journal
E’iiI>EinIi<mI IHoiillil}' l»y llic I'dl'd^n illiMiiuii Jtoiinl ol the Southern JIuptiNt Coiivunllon.
«ALL POWER IS GIVEN UNTO ME IN HEAVEN AND IN EARTH. GO YE, THEREFORE, AND TEACH ALL NATIONS."
Vol. 11.— New Series.
IKiili-ml nl Ilia l’osl-Odloo lit Richmond, Vn., as second-
class iimtter,]
FOREIGN MISSION JOURNAL
К
AT ICS TER ANNUM:
One copy . . . . . j® c,e-
Four copies
и
ml over, to one nildress, oacli . Jo cts.
eVl’Ieilso remit by Draft, Postal Order, or In lleulslereil
better, it ltd notify ns PliOMi-rt.Y of any clmnjru In address.
Address, FOREIGN MISSION JOURNAL,
RICHMOND,
Л
A.
FOREIGN MISSION BOARD
OP THE SOUTHERN BAPTIST CONVENTION,
Locatkd at ltlOUMONl), VIROINIA.
l’liKMlUKNT— X L. M. CUltUV.
Vick-I’iikkiiiknts.— Ulrnin Woods, Did., J. A. Hacked,
I, a., .1. It, deter, Va„ 11. It. DIcOallum, Kin., T. II. l'ritch-
nrd, N. U.. .1. I., Harrow», Ky„ S. Henderson, Alabama,
W.
Гори
Yeainan, Mo., d. It.
Ыпк,
Texas, \V, L. Kilpatrick,
(la„ .1. (!. Furman, S. 0., Matt, lllllsinnn, Tenn., T. I*.
K«py, Ark.
OOIIIIK-SI'ONIIISII Skciiktakv— II. A, TUPl’ER.
Tu kas ii u Kit — .1.
С.
WILLIAMS.
Krcoiiim.no Skiti ktaiiy— AV . H. G WATHMEY.
AuniTOn — JOSEPH
К.
COTTRELL.
ItOAiinor Manaiikiis _ J. It. Hawthorne,.!. It. Walk Ins, H.
K. Kllysou, W. E. Hatcher, E. Wortham, Henry McDonald,
W. G.shlln, 11. 11. Harris, A. K. Dickinson,.!. W. .tones, A. 11.
Clarke, d. it. Winston, T. J. Evans,
С.
II. Winston, S. O.
Clopion. _
JST A II communications in reference to the business
of this Hoard should be addressed to II.
Л. Тштии,
Corresponding > Secretary , Richmond, Va.
FORM OF BEQUESTT
“ I hereby give anil betinuath unto tliu Sontliern
Bapti.-t Convention, formed in Augusta, Georgia,
in t lie mouth of May, ISIS, and chartered by the
Legislature of 1 lie State of Georgia, by an act
passed and approved Dccuiubur 2Dth, 1S45, (here
insert the amount, if in money, or 'subject,' if
other property, either real or personal,) for Foreign
Missions.”
LETTER FROM CORRESPONDING SECRETARY’S
BOOK.
October 12, 1S79.
To Rabbi E. S. L., of G.:
Respected Sir — 'When In yonr city lust spring,
I was struck with the remark made by you, some¬
what. in pleasantry, that you intended to put a
baptistery in your synagogue, “to teach people
tlie meaning of baptism,” as derived from the an¬
cient practice of the Jews, wlw always introduced
pvoselytes into their congregation by immersion.
Tills came to my mind, as nivcye fell recently upon
the testimony of Isaac M. Wise, the learned editor
of The American Israelite, of Cincinnati, in criti¬
cising a work of Rev. Isaac E. Heaton, on the
mode of baptism; whioh criticism you have no
doubt seen.
And to-day, while talking to a company of Bi¬
ble students on the Types of the Old Testament,
as suggested by the IX Chapter, and verses 1—12,
of what we call, in our Testament, “Hebrews,” a
gentleman remarked: “I think the pious Jew
must see that Christianity is referred to by the
Ritual of the Judaic economy." These circum¬
stances have led me to address this letter to you,
which 1 do with the greater confidence, as a mu¬
tual friend writes to me of yourself : “ The Rabbi
admires Jesus.”
I ask your attention, Rabbi, to some views on
the Typology of the Old Testament, as bearing
upon our Christianity, which wo desire to pro¬
mote among your people, not only in this country,
RICHMOND, VA., FEBRUARY, 1880.
but in Jerusalem, and all over the world. For
wherever our missionary goes, whether in Italy, or
China, or Liberia, or Central Africa, there the Jew,
who is the only true cosmopolite, is found.
But let me make a few prefatory points. The
first is, that there is an inner and an outer part to
all organic things and beings. In material organ¬
ism, there are not only substance, and form, and
color, and other properties; but there are laws
and functions, which generate and support
and regulate these properties. In intelligent
beings, there Is what is called the subjective part;
and also its expression In the part objective.
There Is the spirit world, and the natural world ;
and these constitute the one perfectly organized
universe.
The second fact is, that the material and imma¬
terial worlds, however intimately connected, are
far sundered by diverse natures. Matter can never
be so relined, as to make any approacli to mind ;
and mind can never be so materialized as to be any
nearer to matter. The chasm between the world
of sense and the world of spirit may be bridged
over, and the two so closely united as to defy the
discrimination of the astutest mortal vision; but
the chasm is still there, and as deep as the opening
between the hemispheres of a cleanly rifted globe.
The third fact is, that order anil adaptation per-
vnde-ull tlioworks and systems-. of God . So .uni¬
versal is this principle, that order is called
Heaven’s first law ; and upon the general adapta¬
tion of means to ends in nature, especially the
adaptation to discover the great First cause, lias been
framed a conclusive argument for the Divine
existence, which sonic have called “the soul of the
universe.” Humboldt defines Nature as “a unity
in diversity of phenomena, blended in one grand
whole, animated by the breath of life.”
The fourth fact is, that in this two-fold world, so
orderly and reciprocally and usefully related, there
is a widespread, if not universal feature of resem¬
blance, or correspondence, or representation be¬
tween things seen and unseen, present and future,
human and divine. All phenomena represent in¬
ternal laws; all expressions, are more or less rep¬
resentative of inward states or real nature. The
whole external world, in its more than myriad
parts and relations, is a grand figuration— a picto¬
rial representation of the grander spiritual world,
and of the attributes of God himself. Did not
Plato approach the truth in his great doctrine, that
the divine ideas of creation were patterns of all
things that are made ?
The llftli fact is, that based upon this general
order and adaptation and analogy between the
inner and outer works of nature, and between the
varied kingdoms of creation and the mind and attri¬
butes of the Creator — although tho two are entirely
and eternally distinct and separate one from the
other— there are special figurative representations of
Scriptures which, though given directly by divine au¬
thority, and interpreted sometimes by divine inspira¬
tion, are still founded oil these elementary facts of
nature, and are subject to these laws of reason and
common sense for interpretation, which are appli¬
cable to similar classes of figurative representa¬
tions. These figures are what I call the Typology
of the Old Testament.
No. 11. — Whole No. 119.
Now, I invito your attention to some of those
laws,* which founded in reason, as well as deduced
from divine interpretations of types, are applica¬
ble to many kinds of natural patterns or figures —
among them our baptism and communion— and to
all of tlie types of the Jewish religion and state :
Tho first law is, that the type implies the thing
typified. Tills law is axiomatic, and is applicable
to all natural figurations. The sign of mathe¬
matics implies tlie tiling signified. Tlie figure of
speech, tlie idea or tiling figured. Tlie prophetic
image, the event or tlie object prophesied. Cor¬
relation is essential to typology. A type without
something typified,' is an absurdity ; it Is to a di¬
vine typo as inarticulate sounds are to human
speech ; as tlie ravings of the Pythoness to tlie in¬
spired doctrines of the oracles of God. lienee
our Baptism and Lord’s Supper, which arc respec¬
tively symbols of dying to sin, and rising to holi¬
ness ; and of faith which feeds on our Lord and
grows up into him, imply tlie existence of this life
and of tlds growth in those v.bn are baptized and
who come to tlie Lord’s table.
The second law is, that the type must be fixed in
its form, ami the antitype Jixed in its character.
This also is applicable to natural figurations. (1.)
Tlie letter A of any given alphabet must always
be A, and never
В
or C. The figure 2 of any sys-
-tetn-of numbers must always be 2, and never Tor
4. The lamb of any system of types must be
always a iamb, and never a goat or an ox. (2.)
And the sounds represented by A must never bo
those of 1 or U. And tlie value of 2, at one and
tlie same time, never that of 3 or 4. Ami tlie anti¬
type of tlie lamb must never have, as the thing
typified, tlie nature of the goat or tlie ox. (3.)
Without this law, there would he no intelligibility
in language, no reliability in mathematics; and all
systems of figurative or typical adumbration would
bo confusion worse confounded. Hence we say
Baptism is baptism and nothing else. It is not
baptism or rantism or allusion. It is simply and
solely baptism, bo tlie Lord’s Supper is tlie Sup¬
per which tlie Lord instituted, and of both tlie
bread and wine of which each is to partake for
himself, as the symbol of Ids individual soul’s feed¬
ing on Christ for its spiritual development.
Tlie third law is that the type and the thing typi¬
fied must be of different orders or kingdoms of na¬
ture. In natural figuration, the more distinct tlie
one is from the other the better. The fox is a bet¬
ter representation of human cunning than the
thief ; tho lion of manly strength or courage than
the athlete or tlie hero, lienee, in tlie prophetic
figuration of Joseph's superiority, tlie sheaves
and stars are of different kingdoms from tlie
brethren and tlie parents; and so, likewise, tlie
rams of Daniel, which represent kings, and tlie
lean and fat kino which represent tlie years of
famine and of plenty. Thus tho water of baptism
and tlie bread and wine of the Lord’s Supper be¬
long to the material world, as tho facts repre¬
sented belong to the spiritual world.
The fourth law is that the essence of typology is
in the resemblance between the type and the anti¬
type. Tlds principle holds in many other figura¬
tions, as lu the portrait or the parable. Destroy
•See Lord's Theological and Literary Journal.
